ИСТИНА

The multi-scale phenomena of circulation of substances and energy form a continental hydrological cycle. The importance of the zonal and azonal geographical factors (orographical, hydrographic, meteorological, hydrological, hydrochemical) defining features of cycles of different continents is significantly various. In the territory of the continents located in several climatic zones transformation of streams of atmospheric moisture by orographical factors has prime value. It is important to consider it making models of climatic changes of a river drain on the basis of forecasts of air temperature and rainfall changes with the use of global climate models. Dependence of external and internal water exchange structure of donor-continents and continents-moisture interceptors on orography undoubtedly serves as the reason of distinctions in their potential and real water resources. The intensification of an internal moisture circulation peculiar to continents -moisture interceptors increases problems of floods scales restriction and water deficit decrease. Their decision seems only in more and more deep regulation of a river drain, in its interbasin and interzonal redistribution by means of difficult water management systems. The solution of these problems can be reached at integrated and correct approach to an assessment of consequences of already carried out water management projects in various geographical conditions. The correctness of such estimates is impossible without quantitative analysis of the reasons of the observed environment changes in areas of transformation of a drain; separate calculation of climatic changes, growth of various forms of anthropogenous load on continental hydrological cycle, on catchment areas and water objects which isn't connected with hydrotechnical construction for spatio-temporal regulation of a drain.