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Possible application of the satellite gravity survey data obtained under the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) for solving various hydrological problems is discussed. Former investigations linked the monthly changes of the terrestrial gravity field of the Earth to the movement of water masses within the continental part of the hydrological cycle. The GRACE technology allows obtaining the realistic mean data on the changes of land water resources on continental and regional scale. The technique could be useful for the monitoring of river discharge, snow cover, glacier melting and groundwater level oscillations over vast territories. The specific features of the technique itself and the data processing are described. The GRACE-based monthly gravity field data are transformed into the maps of water level equivalent and averaged for the catchments of the largest rivers of Russia. The temporal variability of the parameter is analysed. The analysis of their changes in the European part of Russia using the GRACE data showed that its reduction was approximately 150 mm for 2002-2017 for the south of EPR, especially the Don basin, which is caused rather by a reduction in the storages of surface and ground waters, than by a reduction in soil waters. Map for the trend show gravity field increase in Siberia, at Back Sea and decrease over Caspian Sea since 2003. Possible application of the GRACE data for the evaluation of particular components of water balance within the largest river basins of the European part of Russia is discussed. GRACE satellite gravimetry data can be used for estimating terrestrial water storage (TWS) in a river basin scale. Since observations are not sufficient to monitor TWS, hydrological models are considered as a comprehensive tool to simulate TWS components at a basin scale. However accuracy of the model-derived TWS is influenced by the uncertainty of the model structure and parameters, reliability of input data, etc. To improve the TWS-estimates, it is reasonable to combine the simulated TWS with independent observations provided by the GRACE gravity data. Ninety-seven monthly TWS retrieval from GRACE data (from April 2002 to December 2009) was examined and compared with TWS-estimates obtained by the ECOMAG hydrological model simulations. The case study was carried out for the Northern Dvina River basin. Quantitative analyze between the hydrological model and GRACE-based TWS showed that latter is in good consistency with the simulation results on both seasonal and inter-annual time scales. Overall, the results highlight the benefit of assimilating GRACE data for hydrological applications, particularly in data-sparse regions, while also providing insight on future refinements of the methodology of GRACE-data application in watershed hydrology. The study was supported by RFBR grants (projects No. 18-05-60021-Arctic, No. 17-05-41030 RGO_a - cartographic processing).