ИСТИНА

Telemedicine systems focus on remote gathering of objective information about patient’s health without any intervention of medical specialist. Medical tests are mainly based on metabolite (glucose, lactate, cholesterol etc.) level in blood and thereby are not applicable for telemedicine applications. One of the most promising approaches in development of the latter is non-invasive diagnostics. In this work, we present the approach in development of telemedicine system is aimed at human sweat analysis. Previously, we demonstrated the power generation mode of Prussian Blue based biosensors [1, 2]. Here we tested them in flow-through regime which is preferable for monitoring of sweat. The power generation mode allows improving analytical performance of the biosensors in terms of increased sensitivity and decreased noise compared to conventional three-electrode flow-through systems. Moreover, the potentiostat-free operation results in significantly simplified readout that together with improved performance favors plain and robust remote monitoring system development. Lactate level in sweat can be few times higher than that in blood and is hard to be measured by commercial analyzers. To solve this problem, we modified the membrane of our Prussian Blue based lactate biosensors. In this work the metabolite was detected by advanced electrochemical biosensors that are able to detect lactate in concentration as high as 0.1 moles per liter [3]. Sweat and blood lactate detection was carried out in samples obtained during physical exercises of volunteers. As known, increase of the workloads leads to the raise of blood lactate level. Since this substance is involved in anaerobic glycolysis, lactate is a marker of hypoxia that occurs at high loads. Preliminary experiments demonstrated that increase in lactate level in blood coincides with that in sweat. Therefore, it is possible to monitor hypoxia by lactate changes in sweat without blood test. Simplified and robust detection system based on novel power generation mode is herewith of great significance for remote monitor elaboration. Direct detection of sweat lactate allows non-invasive controlling of hypoxia level that opens new possibilities of remote monitoring of sportsmen training and other purposes of telemedicine services. References [1] Komkova M.A., Karyakina E.E., Karyakin A.A. Anal. Chem., 2017, 89, 6290–6294 [2] Komkova M.A., Karyakina E.E., Karyakin A.A., Electroanalysis., 2018, 30, 2018, 607–610 [3] Pribil M.M., Laptev G.U., Karyakina E.E., Karyakin A.A. Anal. Chem., 2014, 86, 5215–5219 Acknowledgements This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (grant no. 18-73-00264).