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In recent decades researchers have shown particular interest to properties of composite materials representing a variety of related nanoscale particles. Based on such composites it is possible to create materials with new structural and optical properties. The main factors leading to a significant modification of properties are quantum size effect and highly developed surface of nanomaterials. The aim of this work was studying of structural and optical properties of Si nanoparticles formed by ablation of silicon nanowires (SiNW). To solve this task, Si nanoparticles are formed by picosecond laser ablation of SiNW in liquids (distilled water, ethanol). SiNW were performed before by metal stimulated chemical etching of Si.