ИСТИНА

I render the notions of V2 (Verb Second Language) and adhere to the classical accounts of V2 phenomena based on the so called bottleneck criterion blocking out #X - Y - Vf orders in the diagnostic type of clauses. Structures with topicalizion and left dislocation are compatible with the V2 syntax, insofar it is possible to prove that only one constituent preceding the finite verb is clause-internal. Likewise, V > 2 orders in the diagnostic type of clauses are compatible with V2 syntax, iff it is possible to prove that some other category takes the 2P slot in a sentence with V > 2 orders. Residual or partial V2 languages do not exist. V2 languages and clitic -second langauges form together a class of 2P languages. This class arguably can be defined in terms of shared constraints on clause structure,cf. Roberts (2012), Zimmerling (2015).