ИСТИНА

Cultural-Historical Approach and Clinical Psychology of Corporeality suggest viewing the body not exclusively as a natural biological function, but also as a culturally mediated and regulated process similar to Higher Mental Functions (HMF). According to this branch, psyche and body became voluntary controlled due to the assimilation of cultural meaning (signs and symbols) during communication and cultural practices. The regulation of breathing is both an autonomous and a voluntary function. The centers of respiration regulation are localized both in the brain stem and in the limbic system and the cerebral cortex, which explains the close relationship of breathing with emotions and the possibility of voluntary regulation of respiration. Pavlov's Conditioned Reflex Theory explains the possibility of changing the breath pattern in response to learned stress stimuli but does not take into account its changes because of extrapolation and ideas about future events. High possibility of breath regulation (as an example, 11 minutes of breath-hold is present World record) doesn't explain by this theory. The Cultural-Historical Approach makes it possible to take into account various cultural practices of breathing regulation and to distinguish sign-symbolic mediation as the tool of regulation. Sign mediation highlights the common words by which helps people notice their bodily reactions, and symbolic mediation reflects their individual interpretations of it. Sign-symbolic mediation can explain the continuum between dysfunctional and hyper-functional respiratory regulation and become the goal of psychotherapy at dysfunctional breathing or tool in breathing training. As a concept of Post-Nonclassical Methodology, this approach helps to consider the respiration regulation as a multi-level system, which coordinates the homeostasis in the internal world and supports emotional states, an external activity and planned behavior in the context of personal motivation.