ИСТИНА

In recent years the rapid progress of molecular biology techniques has culminated in the sequencing of mitochondrial and nuclear DNA of several fossil humans, carried out at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig. These studies resulted in the conclusion that the evolutionary lines of Neanderthals and modern humans diverged no later than 500 ka BP. Southern Siberia is a unique place for study of fossil man. Archaeologically, the local Pleistocene caves (e.g. Okladnikov, Denisova, Chagyrskaya) are the best of the studied in Northern Asia [Derevianko, Shunkov et al., 2003; Derevianko, 2009, 2010, 2011]. There are three basic parts of these investigations:archaeology,- palaeogenetics, physical anthropology, which can use radiological methods. Modern radiological techniques mark a new stage in the morphological study of extant and fossil humans, offering opportunities to work with fragmentary material. CT scanning and micro tomography help for evolutionary anthropologists - to get digital 3D copies of unique objects (fossil teeth and bones); - to study inner structure by non destructive methods;- to collect a lot of high-quality pictures.