ИСТИНА

In an original study human remains of the Upper Palaeolithic Age from site Kostenki 14 (or Markina Gora) in European part of Russia have been described. Today well preserved skeleton of young adult male, dating to 38,700 to 36,200 years ago, seems to be one of the oldest fossils of anatomically modern humans in Europe. Recently genetic study has discovered K14 origin from a meta-population, ancestral for many modern people as well for the Upper Palaeolithic humans (Seguin-Orlando A., et al, 2014). His nuclear DNA contains longer tracts of Neanderthal DNA than present Europeans. The calculated approximate hybridization time of K14 sapient ancestor and Neanderthal is around 54 thousands BP. In our study were used traditional metric methods. The inner structure of tubular bones and of the skull has been tested by microfocus digital X-ray and by the microCT. The presence of Harris lines has been recorded. Cross-sectional geometry of tubular bones is considered. The macromorphological examination of K14 skeleton indicates the external gracility and low height uncommon for this chronological period. E.g., K14 was 20-25 cm lower than another representative of Eastern European CroMagnons from Sunghir site. By radiological methods were discovered atypical patterns of the inner structure of many tubular bones (Mednikova et al., 2016). They are presented in multiple diaphyseal medullary stenosis of all distal, middle and left proximal manual phalanges, in the thickening of walls of long bones and in the reduce of diploic space in the major part of calvarium. The common explanation of the increase of the inner robusticity in fossil Homo was the developmental response to increased mechanical loading (Ruff et al., 1994). The case of K14 seems be different, indicating systemic bone condition. Differential diagnostics includes the hereditary disorder as the most possible cause, like Caffey-Kenny syndrome.