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Single atom alloy (SAA) catalysts attract increasing attention due to uniform structure of active sites and superior selectivity in a number of catalytic reactions [1-2]. In this lecture we will focus on the preparation, characterization, and the catalytic performance of Pd1Ag/Al2O3 SAA catalysts. Several critical issues will be addressed: 1) Preparation and characterisation of SAA catalyst. How can we confirm the formation of single-atom Pd1 sites on the surface of Pd1Ag alloy nanoparticles? 2) How much Ag do we need to isolate Pd1 sites from each other? Stability of single atom Pd1 sites upon adsorption of strongly bound molecules. 3) Catalytic performance of Pd1Ag SAA in gas-phase hydrogenation of acetylene in ethylene and liquid-phase hydrogenation of substituted alkynes. Possible reaction pathways. Influence of Pd/Ag ratio on the activity/selectivity parameters. 4) Can Pd1Ag SAA activity be improved without sacrificing selectivity? 5) Industrial application of SAA catalysts. “Egg-shell” Pd1Ag/Al2O3 in acetylene hydrogenation.