ИСТИНА

The report examines the current state and prospects of the interdisciplinary field of knowledge - Quantum information processing or Quantum technologies. The emphasis is on the basic physical principles underlying three subtechnologies developed in the world and, especially, in the Russian Federation, which will potentially lead or have already led to the creation of quantum simulators, quantum communication systems and highly sensitive sensors in the near future. In the field of quantum computing devices, these are technologies that use neutral atoms and ions in traps, superconducting systems, impurity structures and linear-optical systems as working physical systems. In the field of quantum communication, this is the creation of a global network based on fiber-optic, atmospheric and space channels. In the field of quantum sensorics, these are three groups of sensors: quantum clocks/gravimeters; electric and magnetic field sensors and quantum metrology/photometry. The main problems of physical and technical implementation of certain units/elements of quantum simulators and quantum communication systems are considered separately.