Описание:COURSE CONTENT
Introduction (2 hours)
Subject, aims and directions of course; course methodological basement. Connection with other courses. The objects of planets cryology research. Short history of research of planets characterized by cryological conditions.
Cryological conditions of Solar system planets and its satellites (8 hours)
Terrestrial satellite – the Moon. Methodological basements of comparative planetology. Planets and its satellites in Solar system as objects referred to cryogenic type planets. Short characteristic of cryogenic conditions on Solar system planets and its satellites: Satellites of Jupiter (Europe, Ganymede, Calisto); Saturn and its satellites (Enceladus and Titan, rings of Saturn); Satellite of Neptune -Triton; Pluto - Charon. Peculiarities of frost rocks existence on the Solar system planets and its satellites. Influence of physical conditions peculiarities on cryolithogenes on the Solar system planets and its satellites.
Mars – mostly dynamic object of Solar system being investigated (7 hours)
Methods of research of Mars and accumulated scientific data. History of Mars research. Modern ideas on atmosphere and climate of Mars. Knowledge of Global Martian Climate Database (www.lmd.jussieu.fr/mars.html). Temporally and space diversity of temperature of subsurface layers for high and middle latitudes of Mars.
Short observation of geological history of Mars. Orographic peculiaritise of the planet. The rocks of upper layers of Martian lithosphere and its properties. The question of existence of liquid and frost phase of Н2О in subsurface and deeper layers of Martian lithosphere.
Cryolithosphere of Mars (4 hours)
Location of top and bottom boarder of cryolithospere – the methods of its recognition and average values of its depth.
Observe of recent ideas about thickness of frost rocks and cryolithosphere of Mars. Methods of evaluation of thickness of frost rock and cryolithosphere of Mars.
Cryogenic exogenic processes (7 hours)
Manifestation of processes probably of cryogenic genesis.
Polar caps of Mars – mostly obvious phenomena of cryogenic nature.
Manifestations of polygonal relief in high and middle latitudes of planet. Results of join morphometric and statistic analyses of polygonal relief on the Earth and Mars. Mechanism of formation and features of ice-wedge process on the Earth and a possible mechanism of origin and evolution of frost cracking on Mars.