Аннотация:Настоящая работы посвящена анализу творчества итальянского писателя, эссеиста и журналиста Марко Травальо, предпринимающего попытку деконструкции механизмов создания современного медиадискурса итальянских СМИ на основе собственного многолетнего опыта работы со средствами массовой информации. Теоретические размышления над механизмами создания медиадискурса Травалья связаны с разработкой следующего основного тезиса: доминирование ценностно-оценочного фактора в современных итальянских СМИ привело к тому, что освещение событий (т.е. подача информации) посредством вербальных и невербальных знаков оборачивается сокрытием фактов от адресата. Иными словами, по мнению Травальо, в современных итальянских СМИ риторическая модальность является прерогативой всех без исключения текстов медиадискурса — как аргументирующего, так и информирующего типа, что в конечном итоге ведет к стилистическому однообразию современных итальянских СМИ, а также к созданию квазиреальности медиадискурса как единственно “реальной” (и возможной) картины мира.
Abstract
The present paper is dedicated to the Italian investigative journalist, writer and opinion leader Marco Travaglio. Travaglio was born in Turin and earned a degree in history from the University of Turin. In 1992 he began to pursue journalism as a career. He started out writing for Catholic publications such as “Il nostro tempo”, then worked under the renowned journalist Indro Montanelli for newspapers such as “Il Giornale” and “La Voce”. Since 2006 Marco Travaglio has been a regular guest in the TV program “AnnoZero”, hosted by Michele Santoro. Recently Travaglio has contributed as a columnist to prominent national newspapers and magazines, such as “La Repubblica” or “L'Unità”. In September 2009 he contributed to the founding of the independent newspaper “Il Fatto Quotidiano”. Political and judicial events of national importance, from “Mani pulite” to the troubles of controversial political figure Silvio Berlusconi, have been Travaglio's main area of interest. The journalist gained public attention in 2001, after participating in a TV show on state-owned national channel Raidue called Satyricon and hosted by Daniele Luttazzi. He then introduced his bestseller book “L'odore dei soldi”, which investigates the origin of Mr Berlusconi's early fortunes. The statement of Travaglio resulted in fierce negative reactions from Italian politicians, including from the centre left, except for Antonio Di Pietro. Some called for chief executives at RAI to be dismissed. In 2009, the German Association of Journalists assigned Travaglio its annual award for Freedom of the Press, describing him as a brave and critical colleague exposing continually the attempts of Italian politicians, especially Silvio Berlusconi, to influence the media to their advantage and to negate critical reports.