Аннотация:The climate change and the permafrost degradation data within the Amur Basin during last two decades of XX are considered in order to explain the “iron flood” in the Amur and its trib in 1990s. The soil temperature data obtained by Russian State Weather Monitoring System for some observation sites during last two decades of XX were analyzed as well as integrated trends on near-surface air temperature and precipitation rate by some climatologists over the Amur Basin. In 1980s and 1990s, it was found a kind of tied covariance in soil temperature oscillations at mutually remote meteostations from Transbaikalian through the Khanka Lake valley. There is a bird’s-eye gradual tendency of increase of annual air temperatures and annual precipitation totals in the end of 1980s and beginning of 1990s, and prominent decrease in annual precipitation in the most end of XX. Obviously, abrupt growth of number of the irrigation wells in main agricultural enterprises of Heilongjiang Province, CPR along 1995-1999 was not crucial for iron behavior in the Amur and, far less, in its northern tributaries.
Presumably, during the past half of 1990s, a large amount of dissolved iron-humic compounds have been contemporarily released out from melting peat and peaty soils into the rivers, perhaps, throughout the northern (permafrost) part of the Amur basin.