Место издания:University of Toulouse Toulouse, France
Первая страница:paper index: UCP2-5-3701378
Аннотация:For the first time the vertical range of the urban ‘heat island’ over Moscow has been investigated by long-term (during eight years) data of the air temperature in situ measurements in the air layer up to 500 m height. The results of measurements at a TV tower of 540 m height in Moscow, by radiosondes at closed rural area (on 2 km to the North from the city margin) and at a high meteorological mast of 310 m height at rural zone (about 100 km to the South-West from the city centre) were analyzed. As it has been received the urban thermal anomaly exists as the urban ‘heat island’ in the ground air layer all over the day and, besides, as the urban ‘cool island’ above it at night. As it has been shown in the layer up to 500 m air temperature profiles inside and outside the city asymptotically approach to each other. An intensity of both diurnal ‘heat island’ and nocturnal ‘cool island’ gradually decreases with a height so that at 400-500 m level differences become statistically insignificant. In average of a day the air temperature is nearly the same at all locations since the 300 m level already because ‘heat island’ and ‘cool island’ effects mutually compensate each other everywhere above. Examples of simultaneous temperature profiling in conditions of extremely cold and hot weather have been discussed as well.