Аннотация:Studies of fluctuation-noise phenomena in electrochemistry are usually associated with the possibility of identifying any hidden processes in the diagnosis of the state of battery and fuel cells [1], in the control of corrosion processes [2]. But, at the same time, fundamental noises must inevitably be present in electrochemical systems, regardless of their state. It is Johnson thermal noise and current noise of Schottky. Studies of these noises due to their fundamental nature are of particular interest [3, 4].
We have performed studies of noise batteries type CR2032 (EEMB). The measurement technique was described in [5]. The battery is in open circuit mode. The measurements showed an exceptional low noise level of the studied element. Thus, at a frequency of 1 kHz, the spectral noise density was Un = 1.39 nV Hz-1/2. Impedance measurements at this frequency gave the resistance value equal to R = 114 Ohm. The corresponding Johnson noise estimate by the Nyquist formula UT = (4kTR)1/2 gives the value UT = 1.36 nV Hz -1/2. As can be seen, the intensity of the measured noise Un within an error of 0.03 nB Hz-1/2 corresponds to the level prescribed by the laws of thermodynamics Johnson noise UT.
This work is a clear confirmation that the Johnson equilibrium noises obey the Nyquist formula regardless of the carrier type, regardless of their mobility and mass. This may seem paradoxical, but it is this conclusion that follows from the universal laws of thermodynamics.
Work is executed at financial support and in accordance with the plan, IPCE RAS for the year 2018, the number of state registration № 01.2.00901138, "Kinetic processes in electrochemistry including nanosystems».
Literature
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4. B.M. Grafov // Russian Journal of Electrochemistry, 2017, Vol. 53, No. 9, pp. 897–902.
5. M.A. Abaturov, YU.V. Sirotinskij // Elektrohimicheskaya ehnergetika. 2018. # 1. P. 8-12. (in Russian)