Аннотация:Moscow city and Moscow oblast are the parts of the Moscow Region. According to the Constitution of Russia, adopted in December 1993, Moscow Oblast and Moscow city are two independent federal subjects of Russian Federation. The sustainable development of Moscow city and Moscow Oblast as an integrated regional economic and natural complex which plays the most important part in Russia’s economy must be based on the integrated solution to the problems of environmental protection, social equity and economic feasibility. At the present time the Moscow Region is one of the most dynamically developing capital regions of Europe, and because of the dynamics, its crucial development factors are to integrate ecological and town-building principles for the sustainable development. The most serious problem is the intensive development of built-up areas around Moscow city. The concentration of the working places in Moscow city has a huge impact on the transportation, ecological and social spheres of the life activities in Moscow Region. At the same time the other districts of Moscow oblast are evidently experiencing the lack of labor for their residents. The paper deals with the directions of Environmental strategy of Moscow Region up to 2040. The key task of the environmentally sound and coordinated development of Moscow Region is to relieve the historical center of Moscow city, to limit excessive settlement density in Moscow Region’s Central Part, to maintain the rational balance of built-up areas, natural and rural landscapes; to ensure joint control of the urban development and economic activity; to create the favorable environment for the population. Conservation and protection of natural landscapes and biological integrity of urban environment, biodiversity preservation at regional and city levels are the priority goals for Government of Moscow city and Administration of Moscow Oblast.