Substrate quality affects microbial- and enzyme activities in rooted soil

Loeppmann, S.; Semenov, M.; Blagodatskaya, E.; Kuzyakov, Y.

Авторы: Sebastian Loeppmann, Mikhail Semenov, Evgenia Blagodatskaya, Yakov Kuzyakov
Журнал: Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science
Номер: 179
Год издания: 2016
Издательство: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Местоположение издательства: United Kingdom
Первая страница: 39
Последняя страница: 47
DOI: 10.1002/jpln.201400518
Аннотация: The rhizosphere reflects a sphere of high substrate input by means of rhizodeposits. Active microorganisms and extracellular enzymes are known to be responsible for substrate utilization in soil, especially in rooted soil. We tested for microbial- and enzyme activities in arable soil, in order to investigate the effects of continuous input of easily available organics (e.g., root-exudates) to the microbial community. In a field experiment with maize, rooted and root-free soil were analyzed and rhizosphere processes were linked to microbial activity indicators such as specific microbial growth rates and kinetics of six hydrolytic extracellular enzymes: b-glucosidase, b-cellobiohydrolase, b-xylosidase, acid phosphatase, leucine- and tyrosine-aminopeptidase. Higher potential activities of leucine-aminopeptidase (2-fold) for rooted vs. root-free soil suggested increased costs of enzyme production, which retarded the specific microbial growth rates. Total microbial biomass determined by the substrate-induced respiration technique and dsDNA extraction method was 23% and 42% higher in the rooted surface-layer (0–10 cm) compared to the root-free soil, respectively. For the rooted soil, potential enzyme activities of b-glucosidase were reduced by 23% and acid phosphatase by 25%, and increased by 300% for b-cellobiohydrolase at 10–20 cm depth compared to the surface-layer. The actively growing microbial biomass increased by the 17-fold in rooted soil in the 10–20 cm layer compared to the upper 10 cm. Despite the specific microbial growth rates showing no changes in the presence of roots, these rates decreased by 42% at 10–20 cm depth compared to the surface-layer. This suggests the dominance in abundances of highly active but slower growing microbes with depth, reflecting also their slower turnover. Shifts in microbial growth strategy, upregulation of enzyme production and increased microbial respiration indicate strong root effects in maize planted soil.
Добавил в систему: Семенов Михаил Вячеславович

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Substrate quality affects microbial- and enzyme activities in rooted soilстатья

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