Superconductivity, antiferromagnetism and ferromagnetism in periodic table of D.I. Mendeleevстатья
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Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 19 июля 2013 г.
Аннотация:Definite regularity in the distribution of ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic and
superconducting elements is observed in the periodic table starting with the 4th period.
Elements with superconductivity, by which d-shells start to fill up, are at the beginning
of each period; then follow antiferromagnetics and ferromagnetics (in 4th period and
lanthanides), or elements without any of the three listed order types (5th period and
6th period), in which the d (f)-shells continue to fill up almost exceedingly; then again
appear superconductors by filling the p-shell up to the number is equal to 4. We
calculated the radii of the external d (f)- and -orbitals and the nearest to them orbitals
with the Slater method. These trends were explained by distinction of degree of
division of the external d (f)- or -orbitals of the neighboring atoms in the crystal.
Largest division occurs in ferromagnetics. In antiferromagnetics it is smaller than in
ferromagnetics. It is demonstrated that in the superconducting crystals the external dor
p-shells approach the nucleus of neighboring atoms are much closely those for
ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic crystals. Furthermore the external d- or p-shells of
some elements in the 5th and 6th periods approach the deeper shells of neighboring
atoms. Hence the electron in this shell is situated in neighboring atoms in a different
electric field from its own. This fact is open to speculation that the separation of spin
and charge in electron, disposed on the external d- or p-orbitals, is quite possible. The
charges without spin become bosons. Spins that have the magnetic moments are
ordered antiparallel in pairs. Magnetic field transfers this pair in a parallel state and a
magnetic flux component along of magnetic field from the pair is equal to one fluxon
(the quant of the magnetic flux).