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Seismic Deformations in an Early Christian Monastery in the Area of Djanavara, Varna, Bulgaria. Part 2: Results of Investigationsстатья
Дата последнего поиска статьи во внешних источниках: 25 августа 2021 г.
- Авторы: Korzhenkov A.M., Minchev A., Tenekedjiev V., Ovsyuchenko A.N., Dimitrov O., Larkov A.S., Rogozhin E.A., Ranguelov B., Strelnikov A.A.
- Журнал: Seismic Instruments
- Том: 57
- Номер: 4
- Год издания: 2021
- Первая страница: 472
- Последняя страница: 489
- Оригинальные версии: Сейсмические деформации в раннехристианском монастыре в местности Джанавара (Варна, Болгария). Часть 2: Результаты исследований
- DOI: 10.3103/S0747923921040071
- Аннотация: We conducted archaeoseismological studies at the Djanavara Monastery Complex in 2019. It consistsof early medieval buildings of different ages, the main of which was the church. The church and theatrium were first badly damaged and then destroyed. There were attempts to repair them, as evidenced by thelaying of a doorway in the north wall of the atrium. The age of this seismic event may coincide with thedestruction of the “second” Episcopal Basilica of Varna, also built in the second half of the 5th century CE.This earthquake took place several decades later. Judging by the kinematic indicators in the building structures,the source of seismic movements was apparently located north-northeast of the Episcopal Basilica ofVarna and, accordingly, of the Djanavara Monastery Complex. In this direction, the largest seismotectonicnode is located at the intersection of sublatitudinal faults with the Shabla-Kaliakrenseismogenic zone. Subsequentrenovation of the Djanavara Church and construction of poor-quality buildings around it took placeafter this seismic event. However, even in these, later, walls, we see traces of younger seismic deformations,evidenced by numerous buttress walls attached to the walls that survived the second earthquake. Judging bythe crepid walls attached to the original meridional walls from the east and west, the seismic movements ofthe second earthquake propagated along the east–west axis. The third seismic event put an end to the activityof the monastery complex. It can be seen that the repaired low-quality walls were again deformed: the latermasonry that covered the doorway moved outward, and there was also a joint deformation of the meridionalwall and its buttress. The westward movement of the latest masonry testifies to the source of seismic vibrationsof this time, located west of the Djanavara Complex. However, the meridional walls show clockwise rotationof their parts, while a perpendicular wall was rotated counterclockwise. Such a systematic deformation presupposesthe location of the seismic source not strictly to the west of the monastery complex, but to the southwest,which coincides with the direction to the source, which we determined for the deformations in the episcopalbasilica of Varna. Some researchers believe that the Djanavara Monastery Complex was destroyed andfinally abandoned in 614–615 CE during the Avar–Slavic invasion. However, there are materials indicatingthat residents left ancient Odessos even before the attack, most likely due to a strong (third in our case) earthquake,during which the entire city was engulfed in fires and many buildings were destroyed. We were unableto accurately estimate the local seismic intensity for each of the three described ancient earthquakes, however,such significant deformations as systematic inclination and extension of walls, as well as turns of their partsaround the vertical axis, indicate that the intensity of seismic vibrations during the studied earthquakesreached IL ≤ 9 points on the MSK-64 scale. The intensity of seismic vibrations may have been enhanced byunfavorable soil conditions at the site of the construction of the Djanavara Monastery Complex.
- Добавил в систему: Корженков Андрей Михайлович
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