Synthesis and structure of the first clathrochelate iron(ii) tris-dioximates with inherent nitrile substituent(s) and new dehalogenation – reduction reaction at a quasi-aromatic macrobicyclic frameworkстатья
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Аннотация:Monoribbed-substituted mono- and dicyano-functionalized iron(II) macrobicycles were obtained for
the first time by the reaction of iron(II) diiodoclathrochelate precursor with copper(I)
cyanide–triphenylphosphine complex under mild conditions. The target dinitrile clathrochelate is a
minor product of this reaction, whereas the major product contains only one cyano group. The
clathrochelates obtained were characterized using elemental analysis, 1H and 13C{1H} NMR, IR and
UV-vis spectroscopy, MALDI-TOF spectrometry and X-ray diffraction crystallography. The geometry
of their FeN6-coordination polyhedra is intermediate between a trigonal prism (TP) and a trigonal
antiprism (TAP); the distortion angles, j, are 22.6–24.7◦. In the molecule of the precursor, the Fe–N
distances are close, whereas in the mononitrile macrobicycles those for their functionalized chelate
fragments are substantially smaller than the corresponding distances in the a-benzyldioximate moieties.
The heights, h, of the TP–TAP coordination polyhedra and the average bite angles, a, (2.33A˚ and 39◦,
respectively) are the same for the X-rayed clathrochelates. The UV-vis spectra indicate a dramatic
redistribution of the electron density in the p-conjugated clathrochelate framework caused by
functionalization with inherent nitrile substituents. The proposed mechanism of the
dehalogenation–reduction reaction of iron(II) diiodoclathrochelate resulting in substitution of their
iodine atoms by a cyano group and hydrogen atom includes the anion-radical hydrodehalogenation of
this precursor with acetonitrile as a source of hydrogen atom. Then, the monomethinemonoiodine
macrobicyclic product underwent a substitution with a cyano group only. The copper(I)
cyanide–triphenylphosphine–acetonitrile system is proposed as a tool for the synthesis of nitrile
derivatives of electron-withdrawing heterocycles starting from their halogen-containing precursors.