Singular points of the tremor of the earth's surface

Lyubushin, A.

Автор: Lyubushin Alexey
Журнал: Applied Sciences
Том: 13
Номер: 18
Год издания: 2023
Издательство: MDPI
Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland
Номер статьи: 10060
DOI: 10.3390/app131810060
Аннотация: A method for studying properties of the earth's surface tremor, measured by means of GPS, is proposed. Following characteristics of tremor are considered: the entropy of wavelet coefficients, the Donoho-Johnston wavelet index, and two estimates of the spectral slope. The anomalous areas of tremor are determined by estimating the probability densities of extreme values of the studied properties. The criteria for abnormal tremor behavior are based on the proximity to, or the difference between, tremor properties and white noise. The greatest deviation from the properties of white noise is characterized by entropy minima and spectral slope and DJ index maxima. This behavior of the tremor is called "active". The "passive" tremor behavior is characterized by the maximum proximity to the properties of white noise. The principal components approach provides weighted averaged density maps of these 2 variants of extreme distributions of parameters in a moving time window of 3 years are considered. Singular points are the points of maximum average densities. The method is applied to the analysis of daily time series from a GPS network in the California in 2009-2022. It turned out that singular points of tremor form well-defined clusters. The passive tremor could be caused by activation of movement in fragments of San Andreas fault.
Добавил в систему: Любушин Алексей Александрович

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