Geomorphic process chains in high-mountain regions—A review and classification approach for natural hazards assessment

Mani, P.; Allen, S.; Evans, S.G.; Kargel, J.S.; Mergili, M.; Petrakov, D.; Stoffel, M.

Авторы: Mani P., Allen S., Evans S.G., Kargel J.S., Mergili M., Petrakov D., Stoffel M.
Журнал: Reviews of Geophysics
Том: 61
Год издания: 2023
Издательство: American Geophysical Union
Местоположение издательства: United States
Первая страница: 1
Последняя страница: 51
Номер статьи: e2022RG000791
DOI: 10.1029/2022RG000791
Аннотация: Populations and infrastructure in high mountain regions are exposed to a wide range of naturalhazards, the frequency, magnitude, and location of which are extremely sensitive to climate change. Incases where several hazards can occur simultaneously or where the occurrence of one event will change thedisposition of another, assessments need to account for complex process chains. While process chains arewidely recognized as a major threat, no systematic analysis has hitherto been undertaken. We therefore establishnew understanding on the factors that directly trigger or alter the disposition for subsequent events in the chainand derive a novel classification scheme and parameters to aid natural hazard assessment. Process chains inhigh mountains are commonly associated with glacier retreat or permafrost degradation. Regional differencesexist in the nature and rate of sequencing—some process chains are almost instantaneous, while other linkagesare delayed. Process chains involving rapid sequences are difficult to predict, and impacts are often devastating.We demonstrate that process chains are triggered most frequently by progressive failures, being the result ofgradual landscape weakening and not due to the occurrence of a distinct process. If fluvial processes are partof the process chain the reach (or mobility) of process chains is increased. Increased mobility can also occur ifsediment deposition areas along river channels are activated. As climate changes causes glacial environmentsto transform into sediment-rich paraglacial and fluvial landscapes, it is expected that the mobility of processchains will increase in the future.
Добавил в систему: Петраков Дмитрий Александрович

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