Аннотация:The prevailing view is that the cause of significant changes in the shape
of the Taman Peninsula during the past 2500 years is sea-level fluctuations. In our
opinion, the leading role in the process of topography restructuring belongs to the
tectonic factor. Therefore paleogeographic reconstructions made so far need to be
evaluated and refined. This article is devoted to study the hydrographic network of
the region. The presence of fresh water sources in ancient times is the main point
when choosing the place founded settlement. At the turn of the 7th-6th centuries
BC, during the Great Greek colonization, the first Greek immigrants from the cities
of the Mediterranean and Asia Minor arrived on the shores of the archipelago.
They established their own settlements here. The large number of settlements
they founded implies the presence of a sufficient number of sources of fresh water.
However, at present, space images show that even near the main cities of Asian
Bosporus there are no permanent streams. Because of the data analysis from remote
sensing and aerial photography, the ancient and modern hydrographic networks
were localized, and types of fluvial landforms as well as landscape topography and
morphology were identified. Matching ancient and modern watercourses showed
that changes in the direction of water flow were happening on the part of the Taman
Peninsula in the past 2500 years, probably caused by tectonic development. It was
found that tectonic activization of the region occurred in separate blocks, and
ancient watercourses formed and developed in periods of maximum humidity.
Probable outlines of paleo straits were refined, and points for drilling wells were
outlined.
