Bimetallic gold-iron oxide nanoparticles as carriers of methotrexate – perspective tools for biomedical applications

Batsalova, T.; Vasil’kov, A.; Moten, D.; Voronova, A.; Teneva, I.; Naumkin, A.; Dzhambazov, B.

Авторы: Batsalova Tsvetelina, Vasil’kov Alexander, Moten Dzhemal, Voronova Anastasiia, Teneva Ivanka, Naumkin Alexander, Dzhambazov Balik
Журнал: Applied Sciences
Том: 23
Номер: 13
Год издания: 2023
Издательство: MDPI
Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland
Первая страница: 12894
DOI: 10.3390/app132312894
Аннотация: Bimetallic nanoparticles (BMNPs) combine unique and synergistic properties of two metals allowing new specific applications. In the present study bimetallic Au Fe nanoparticles and their conjugates with methotrexate (MTX) were obtained by an environmentally safe method of metal-vapor synthesis. The composition and electronic structure of the particles were investigated by the methods of EDX, XPS, XANES and EXAFS. Effects of BMNPs-MTX conjugates on normal and tumor human cell lines were evaluated by in vitro cytotoxicity assays including bright field and fluorescent microscopy analyses of tumor spheroid size and vitality. In vitro assays for antibacterial activity evaluation of the generated samples were performed. The influence of BMNPs-MTX on cytokine production by normal leukocytes was assessed by ELISA. X-ray analyses of the samples demonstrated that gold was in the ground state Au0, and Au+ and Au3+ states are present in small quantities, whereas iron existed as a mixture of non-histometric oxides with states close to Fe2+ and Fe3+. Modification of the AuFe system with methotrexate is accompanied by a threefold increase in the relative proportion of the Au+ state. Biological assays indicated improved antitumor activity of the BMNPs-MTX conjugates compared to the drug alone which was confirmed by significant reduction of tumor spheroid size and vitality. The nanoconjugates exhibited moderate antibacterial activity. Ex vivo treatment of normal leucocytes with AuFe-MTX induced sample-specific interleukin-2 and interferon-γ production suggesting immunostimulatory potential. The present findings indicate diverse biological properties of bimetallic nanoparticle-MTX conjugates, perspectives for their biomedical applications and new immune-specific abilities.
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Bimetallic gold-iron oxide nanoparticles as carriers of methotrexate – perspective tools for biomedical applicationsстатья

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