Mechanisms of Antioxidant Resistance in Different Wheat Genotypes under Salt

Kononenko, N.V.; Lazareva, E.M.; Fedoreyeva, L.I.

Авторы: Kononenko Neonila V., Lazareva Elena M., Fedoreyeva Larisa I.
Журнал: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Том: 24
Номер: 23
Год издания: 2023
Издательство: MDPI
Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland
Первая страница: 16878
DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316878
Аннотация: Various stressors lead to an increase in ROS and damage to plant tissues. Plants have apowerful antioxidant system (AOS), which allows them to neutralize excess ROS. We detected anintense fluorescent glow of ROS in the cells of the cap, meristem, and elongation zones in the rootsof wheat Triticum aestivum (Orenburgskaya 22 variety) and Triticum durum (Zolotaya variety). Anincrease in ROS was accompanied by DNA breaks in the nuclei of wheat root cells, the release ofcytochrome c from mitochondria into the cytoplasm, and the translocation of phosphatidylserine intothe outer layer of the plasma membrane under salt stress and hypoxia. The different resistances of thetwo wheat varieties to different abiotic stresses were revealed. The soft wheat variety Orenburgskaya22 showed high resistance to salt stress but sensitivity to hypoxia, and the durum wheat varietyZolotaya showed tolerance to hypoxia but high sensitivity to salt stress. Different activations ofAOS components (GSH, MnSOD, Cu/ZnSOD, CAT, PX, GPX, and GST) were revealed in differentwheat genotypes. The basis for the tolerance of the Zolotaya variety to hypoxia is the high content ofglutathione (GSH) and the activation of glutathione-dependent enzymes. One of the mechanisms ofhigh resistance to salt stress in the Orenburgskaya 22 variety is a decrease in the level of ROS as aresult of the increased activity of the MnSOD and Cu/ZnSOD genes. Identifying the mechanismsof plant tolerance to abiotic stress is the most important task for improving breeding varieties ofagricultural plants and increasing their yield.
Добавил в систему: Лазарева Елена Михайловна

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