Аннотация:To date, the assessment of a simultaneous effect of SNPs on manifesting aggression via polygenic score (PGS) approach has been performed mainly in Western Europeans and is scarce in Russians. In turn, genes belonging to monoaminergic systems, inflammatory response, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, telomerase activity, and miRNA regulation have been previously associated with aggressive behavior or affective pathology. Therefore, we aimed to estimate a combined effect of PGS based on 30 SNPs belonging to abovementioned systems and social/lifestyle factors on individual differences in BPAQ-measured aggression in young adults from the Volga-Ural region (VUR) of Russia. Initially, a series of multiple linear regression was carried out in the testing sample (N = 500) from VUR with PGS calculated on a basis of effect estimates obtained from the training sample (N = 565) from VUR and controlling for sex, ethnicity, and age. The final model was based on a combined effect of PGS of TERT, TNF, SLC6A4, smoking and maternal protection (p = 8.41 × 10–10), which explained up to 11.51% of variance in physical aggression. Subsequently, we calculated PGS in the total sample from VUR (N = 1065) based on summary statistics from risky behavior GWAS conducted in UK Biobank (Mbatchou et al., 2021). The best model explaining up to 4.6% of variance in verbal aggression comprised of PGS, sibship size, and childhood adversity (p = 1.71 × 10–6). Revealed findings evidence in a better prognostic ability of models comprising PGS based on summary statistics from ethnically same cohort and the same phenotype.