Analysis of Pre-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Prior to 2020 Croatian Earthquakes

Boudjada, M.Y.; Biagi, P.F.; Eichelberger, H.U.; Nico, G.; Galopeau Patrick, H.M.; Ermini, A.; Solovieva, M.; Hayakawa, M.; Lammer, H.; Voller, W.; Pitterle, M.

Авторы: Boudjada Mohammed Y., Biagi Pier F., Eichelberger Hans U., Nico Giovanni, Galopeau Patrick H.M., Ermini Anita, Solovieva Maria, Hayakawa Masashi, Lammer Helmut, Voller Wolfgang, Pitterle Martin
Журнал: Remote Sensing
Том: 16
Номер: 3
Год издания: 2024
Издательство: MDPI
Местоположение издательства: Basel, Switzerland
Первая страница: 529
Последняя страница: 529
Номер статьи: 528
DOI: 10.3390/rs16030529
Аннотация: We study the sub-ionospheric VLF transmitter signals recorded by the Austrian Graz station in the year 2020. Those radio signals are known to propagate in the Earth-ionosphere waveguide between the ground and lower ionosphere. The Austrian Graz facility (geographic coordinates: 15.46°E, 47.03°N) can receive such sub-ionospheric transmitter signals, particularly those propagating above earthquake (EQ) regions in the southern part of Europe. We consider in this work the transmitter amplitude variations recorded a few weeks before the occurrence of two EQs in Croatia at a distance less than 200 km from Graz VLF facility. The selected EQs happened on 22 March 2020 and 29 December 2020, with magnitudes of Mw5.4 and Mw6.4, respectively, epicenters localized close to Zagreb (16.02°E, 45.87°N; 16.21°E, 45.42°N), and with focuses of depth smaller than 10 km. In our study we emphasize the anomaly fluctuations before/after the sunrise times, sunset times, and the cross-correlation of transmitter signals. We attempt to evaluate and to estimate the latitudinal and the longitudinal expansions of the ionospheric disturbances related to the seismic preparation areas.
Добавил в систему: Соловьева Мария Сергеевна

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Analysis of Pre-Seismic Ionospheric Disturbances Prior to 2020 Croatian Earthquakesстатья

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