Аннотация:Localization of the finds of natural bitumen in archipelagos in the western segment of the RussianArctic is considered. The nature of their appearance in relation with the subsurface geothermal regime is discussed.Based on numerical simulation, temperatures and heat flow density are calculated in 2D geometryalong seismogeological profiles and in 3D geometry for the isometric structure of Franz Josef Land. It is concludedthat all the noted natural bitumen manifestations are genetically related to hydrothermal activity, withsigns adequately recorded in the geotemperature field.