Аннотация:Contents: 1. Introduction. 2. Potentials of ellipsoidal bodies. 3. Kinematics of a liquid ellipsoid. 4. Nonlinear oscillations of liquid ellipsoids, cylinders and disks. 5. Equilibrium figures in Dirichlet's problem. 6. Dirichlet's problem in collisionless stellar dynamics. Motion of homogeneous gravitating ellipsoids, cylinders and disks. 7. Equilibrium figures of homogeneous stellar systems: collisionless ellipsoids, cylinders and disks.8. Collisionlesss ellipsoid with rotation: kinematic aaproach. 9. Dynamics of a spheroidal model