Аннотация: This book has the academic directionality and deals with the present state of genetic mineralogy of diamond and associated phases. Contents of the book may be referred to three main divisions. Firstly, the analytic mineralogical data of evident genetic interest have been briefly characterized. Second part of the book is focused on high-pressure experimental studies of diamond-parental multicomponent mineral systems. Therewith their boundary compositions are specified having regard to the natural chemistry of diamond-hosted inclusions from the depths of the upper mantle, transition zone and lower mantle. Experimental physico-chemical results allows to substantiate the completely miscible silicate-(±oxide)-carbonatite melts with dissolved carbon as the parental media for diamonds and associated mineral phases over the all mantle depths. Experimental melting phase diagrams are lively presentative for the syngenesis relations of diamonds and minerals associated in their primary inclusions. The melting phase relations have made a direct determination of the physico-chemical mechanism of diamond nucleation in carbon-oversaturated melts-solutions. Moreover, the melting diagrams offer a clearer view of how the joint crystallization of diamonds and paragenetic minerals may originate.